have done vs. have been doing
What's the difference?
Apa bedanya?
If you use the present perfect (have done),
Kalau kamu menggunakan present perfect (have done),
you want to focus on the results of the action and the action is normally finished.
fokusnya ada pada hasil dari suatu tindakan dan tindakannya biasanya sudah selesai.
I've made a cake. Do you want some?
Aku (sudah) buat kue. Mau coba sedikit?
Someone has eaten the cake. It's all gone.
Ada yang makan kuenya. Sekarang kuenya (sudah) habis.
If you use the present perfect continuous (have been doing),
Kalau kamu menggunakan present perfect continuous (have been doing),
the focus is on the activity not the result and the action may not be finished.
fokusnya ada pada kegiatannya, bukan hasilnya, dan tindakannya mungkin belum selesai.
I've been making a cake, so the kitchen's a mess.
Aku tadi sedang bikin kue, jadi dapurnya berantakan.
Someone has been eating the cake. There's only a little bit left.
Tadi ada yang makan kue itu. Sekarang tinggal sedikit.
So remember, if you want to focus on the results,
Jadi, ingatlah, kalau kamu mau fokus pada hasilnya,
use the present perfect (have done).
gunakan present perfect (have done).
And if you want to focus on the activity itself and it's still happening,
Dan kalau kamu mau fokus pada kegiatannya sendiri dan itu masih berlangsung,
use the present perfect continuous (have been doing).
gunakan present perfect continuous (have been doing).
Notes
Present Perfect (have/has done)
👉 Fokus pada hasil/konsekuensi dari sebuah tindakan.
👉 Tindakannya biasanya sudah selesai.
I’ve cleaned the house.
= Aku sudah membersihkan rumah
→ rumahnya sekarang bersih
She has finished her homework.
= Dia sudah menyelesaikan PR
→ PR-nya selesai
Present Perfect Continuous (have/has been doing)
👉 Fokus pada proses atau aktivitas yang berlangsung.
👉 Bisa masih berlangsung atau baru saja berhenti.
I’ve been cleaning the house all morning.
= Aku tadi sibuk bersih-bersih rumah sepanjang pagi
→ fokus pada aktivitas, rumah mungkin masih berantakan.
She has been studying for three hours.
= Dia sudah belajar selama tiga jam
→ menekankan lamanya kegiatan, bisa jadi sekarang masih belajar